Lug‘at: so‘z yasalishi

Nega bu muhim

Imtihonda ko‘p savol bitta o‘zakdan turli so‘z yasashga qurilgan: develop → development → developed → developing. Qo‘shimchalarni bilsangiz, notanish so‘z ma’nosini ham taxmin qila olasiz.

Inkor prefikslari

• un-: happy → unhappy, able → unable, fair → unfair;
• im- (p, m oldidan): possible → impossible, polite → impolite;
• in-: correct → incorrect, expensive → inexpensive;
• dis-: agree → disagree, like → dislike;
• ir- (r oldidan): regular → irregular.

Boshqa prefikslar

• re- — qayta: write → rewrite, build → rebuild;
• over- — ortiqcha: sleep → oversleep;
• pre- — oldin: view → preview.

Ot yasovchi suffikslar

• -er / -or — shaxs yoki qurol: teach → teacher, act → actor;
• -ment: develop → development, agree → agreement;
• -ness: happy → happiness, dark → darkness;
• -tion / -ation: inform → information, educate → education;
• -ity: able → ability.

Sifat va ravish yasovchi suffikslar

• -ful — «…li»: use → useful, care → careful;
• -less — «…siz»: care → careless, home → homeless;
• -able: read → readable;
• -ly — ravish yasaydi: quick → quickly, careful → carefully.

Ko‘p uchraydigan xato

-ful ni ikkita l bilan yozish: usefull emas, useful. Ravishda esa aksincha ikkita l chiqadi: careful + ly = carefully.